இதழியல் வெளியீட்டு கொள்கை

• கட்டுரை ஆய்வுமுறை என்பது மூன்று படிநிலைகளை கொண்ட இரட்டை மறை சக மதிப்பாய்வு நடைமுறைகளை கொண்டுள்ளது. இப்படிநிலைகளானது போதுமான நேரத்தினை கொண்டு ஆய்வு செய்யப்படும்.
• ஒரு கட்டுரை சமர்ப்பிக்கப்பட்ட பின் அது குறித்த எந்த ஒரு கோரிக்கையும் ஆய்வு முடிவுக்கு முன் ஏற்கப்படாது. கட்டுரையை ஏற்பது அல்லது நிராகரிப்பது என்பது இதழாசிரியர் குழுவின் தனிப்பட்ட முடிவாகும். இது குறித்த எந்த ஒரு கோரிக்கையும் ஏற்கப்படாது
• இதழாசிரியர் குழுவினால் கட்டுரையில் எதினும் மாற்றம் தேவைப்படின் அதனை கட்டுரை ஆசிரியர்களுக்கு திருப்பி அனுப்பி அதனை மாற்றம் செய்யலாம்
• ஆய்வு நடைமுறையானது கட்டுரை ஆசிரியர் குறிப்பிட்ட குறிப்புகளுக்கான சரியான ஆதாரங்களை கேட்டு கட்டுரை ஆசிரியரை அணுகலாம்.
• கட்டுரையை ஏற்க அல்லது நிராகரிக்க இதழாசிரியர் குழு அல்லது பதிப்பாளருக்கு முழு அதிகாரம் உண்டு.

ஆய்வு படிநிலைகள்

படிநிலை 1 – ஆய்வுக் கட்டுரையின் கருத்துத் களவு நிலை மற்றும் உரை ஒற்றுமைச் சரிபார்ப்பு, சமர்ப்பிப்பு விதிகள் சரிபார்ப்பு, இலக்கணம் மற்றும் குறிப்புப் பிரிவுச் சரிபார்ப்புகளைச் சரிபார்க்க, இதழின் இணை ஆசிரியர்களால் இந்தக் கட்டம் கையாளப்படும். எந்தவொரு ஆசிரியர், சமர்ப்பிப்பு விதிகளைத் தொகுக்கத் தவறி இருந்தால், அப்பிழைகளை நீக்குவதற்கு அக்கட்டுரை, அதன் ஆசிரியர்களுக்குத் திருப்பி அனுப்பப்படும் (நிராகரிக்கப்படாமல் இருக்கலாம்). படிநிலை 1ல் இருந்து தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்பட்ட கட்டுரைகளுக்கு ஒரு தனித்துவமான அடையாள எண், அதாவது உதாரணமாக V2I54 மூலம் அடையாளப்படுத்தப்படும். ஆசிரியரின் விவரங்கள் பதிப்பாளருக்கு மட்டுமே தெரியும். இணை ஆசிரியர்களால் கட்டுரையிலிருந்து அனைத்து அடையாள விவரங்களையும் அகற்றுவார்கள்.

படிநிலை 2 – படிநிலை 1 லிருந்து தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்பட்ட கட்டுரைகள் இரட்டை மறை – சக மதிப்பாய்வு முறையில் சீரற்ற வகையில் இதழாசிரியர்கள் குழு உறுப்பினர்களிடையே பகிரப்படும். தலைமை இதழாசிரியர் உட்பட குறைந்தபட்சம் ஐந்து இதழாசிரியர்களைக் கொண்டு கட்டுரை மதிப்பீடு செய்யப்படும். கட்டுரையை குறிக்கும் அளவுகோலைக் கொண்டு அக்கட்டுரையின் தரமானது மதிப்பீடு செய்யப்படும்.

மதிப்பீடுஅளவுகோல்

• “சரியான மற்றும் தெளிவான பகுப்பாய்வு – 15 மதிப்பெண்கள்
• ஆராய்ச்சியின் அளவு மற்றும் பயன்பாடு – 10 மதிப்பெண்கள்
• தற்கால சமூக பிரதிபலிப்புகள் – 15 மதிப்பெண்கள்
• புதிய சிந்தனைகள் – 15 மதிப்பெண்கள்
• ஆராய்ச்சியின் வலிமை – 15 மதிப்பெண்கள்
• தெளிவு மற்றும் அமைப்பு – 10 மதிப்பெண்கள்
• இலக்கண நடை – 10 மதிப்பெண்கள்
• சரியான வடிவம் மற்றும் மேற்கோள்கள் – 10 மதிப்பெண்கள்
• மொத்தம் – 100 மதிப்பெண்கள்.

நிலை 2 இல் அந்தக் கட்டுரை குறைந்தபட்சம் 80% (ஒட்டுமொத்த இதழாசிரியர்களின் மதிப்பெண்கள்) மதிப்பெண்களைப் பெறும் போது, அந்த ஆய்வுக் கட்டுரை நிலை 3 க்கு தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்படும்.

படிநிலை 3 – இந்த நிலையானது முழுமையாக தலைமை இதழாசிரியாரின் முடிவினை கொண்டுள்ளது. தலைமை இதழாசிரியர் முழுமையாக படிநிலை 2 ல் இருந்து தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்பட்ட கட்டுரைகளை ஆய்வு செய்வார். இன்நிலையில் தலைமை இதழாசிரியாரின் முடிவே இறுதியானது. தலைமை இதழாசிரியர் இறுதி செய்த கட்டுரைகள் பதிபாளராள் வெளியிடப்படும்.

Publication Ethics Policy

On the following pages, Institute of Legal Education Publisher (hereinafter referred to as the publisher) provides practical guidance to Journal Editors and Society & Publishing Partners which helps manage the repercussions potentially arising from publishing work which could be in breach with the codes of conduct.

Introduction

Researchers should conduct their research – from research proposal to publication – in line with best practices and codes of conduct of relevant professional bodies and/or national and international regulatory bodies. In rare cases, it is possible that ethical issues or misconduct could be encountered in your journal when research is submitted for publication.

Committee on Publication Ethics

Although Institute of Legal Education is not a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and does not subscribe to its principles on how to deal with acts of misconduct. The publisher strongly recommends journal editors to join COPE and thereby adhere to the principles of COPE, committing to investigate allegations of misconduct and to ensure the integrity of research.

For more information see Core Practices for Journal Editors and/or visit the COPE website.

Developing a publishing ethics policy for our journal

Almost every step in the publishing process involves important ethical principles. Having clear statements on these issues can encourage responsible publication practices.

A clear description of ethical principles will help manage author expectations and will help manage situations that may arise if these statements have not been adhered to by authors. Below you will find a few of the most important ethical principles.

Clear guidelines on submission of the work

• that the work has not been published before
• that the work is not under consideration elsewhere
• that copyright has not been breached in seeking its publication
• that the publication has been approved by all co-authors and responsible authorities at the institute or organization where the work has been carried out

What type of content is or is not acceptable for publication

For example:

• are translations of previously published articles acceptable?
• are extended versions of conference proceedings acceptable?

In these cases, the author is expected to give full disclosure for transparency reasons but it could also be necessary for the author to seek approval from the original publisher.

It should also be noted that different disciplines have different expectations. When authors cross over to other disciplines, make sure they are aware of the explicit policies of the journal in order to manage their expectations. Please note there are no universally agreed rules or regulations.

Guidelines on what constitutes authorship and how proposed changes to authorship are handled

Although there is no universal definition of what constitutes authorship it is recommended that authors adhere to the guidelines for authorship that are applicable in their specific research field. In the absence of specific guidelines it is recommended to adhere to the following guidelines:

1. made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; or the creation of new software used in the work;
2. drafted the work or revised it critically for important intellectual content;
3.  approved the version to be published; and
4. agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Description of the peer review process

Peer review is fundamental in ensuring the integrity of the publication process and can flag potential misconduct at an early stage.

COPE has developed ethical guidelines for peer reviewers which can be used as a reference for providing guidance to peer reviewers.

The inclusion of the necessary ethical statements if required

Certain Abstracting & Indexing services insist on compliance with the ethical requirements Conflict of Interest, Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent and require authors to declare compliance in their articles.

Ethical issues and what to do when you are encountering possible misconduct?

It should be noted there are two distinct situations: serious fraud or errors. Errors could be due to negligence (for example statistical errors) or honest errors which are part of the normal course of doing research. It is therefore important to treat potential cases with care as academic careers could be at risk.

Five steps to follow when encountering possible misconduct:

• Remain a neutral player and treat all potential misconduct cases confidentially
• Keep records of written communication including the allegation and the evidence of the complainant
• Raise the issue with the accused (co-)author in a timely manner
• Assess what exactly has happened (fact-finding) and be transparent and final about decisions

Ethical issues

Six fundamental ethical issues have been defined, and procedures for responding to misconduct have been outlined below. Please note that these guidelines are not intended to provide or substitute legal advice. Each ethical issue is followed by recommended actions as advised by COPE for Journal Editors and when available additional reading has been added. Clicking on the link will give you a flowchart with the actions stipulated. Please note that flowcharts are making a distinction between ethical issues in a submitted manuscript and published article.

Data fabrication / Data falsification

Data fabrication: This concerns the making up of research findings.

Data falsification: Manipulating research data with the intention of giving a false impression. This includes manipulating images (e.g. micrographs, gels, images), removing outliers or “inconvenient” results, changing, adding or omitting data points, etc.

With regard to image manipulation, it is allowed to technically improve images for readability. Proper technical manipulation refers to adjusting the contrast and/or brightness or colour balance if it is applied to the complete digital image (and not parts of the image). Any technical manipulation by the author should be notified in the cover letter to the Journal Editor upon submission. Improper technical manipulation refers to obscuring, enhancing, deleting and/or introducing new elements into an image. Generally, if an author’s figures are questionable, it is suggested to request the original data from the authors.

For more information on image manipulation see also the following useful links:

• CSE\’s White Paper on Promoting Integrity in Scientific Journal Publications, 3.4 Digital Images and Misconduct
• What\’s in a picture? The temptation of image manipulation
• ORI \”Forensic Images Samples\” for the quick examination of scientific images

Duplicate submission/publication and redundant publication

Duplicate submission/publication: This refers to the practice of submitting the same study to two journals or publishing more or less the same study in two journals. These submissions/publications can be nearly simultaneous or years later.

Redundant publication (also described as ‘salami publishing’): this refers to the situation that one study is split into several parts and submitted to two or more journals. Or the findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper crossreferencing, permission or justification. “Self-plagiarism” is considered a form of redundant publication. It concerns recycling or borrowing content from previous work without citation. This practice is widespread and might be unintentional. Transparency by the author on the use of previously published work usually provides the necessary information to make an assessment on whether it is deliberate or unintentional.

Note! Translations of articles without proper permission or notification and resubmission of previously published Open Access articles are considered duplications.

Duplication of text and/or figures (plagiarism)

Plagiarism occurs when someone presents the work of others (data, text, or theories) as if it was his/her own without proper acknowledgement. There are different degrees of plagiarism.

The severity is dependent on various factors: the extent of copied material, originality of copied material, position/context/type of material and referencing/attribution of the material used.

Every case is different and therefore decisions will vary per case. Ask yourself the following question: Does it concern an honest mistake or is there an intentional deviation from the publishing norm? Please note there are many grey areas between honest, questionable and fraudulent practices.

Whilst reviewing the case consider the following factors:

• Author seniority. Junior authors may be asked to paraphrase the copied text if it is believed that they are genuinely not aware that copying phrases is inappropriate. It is expected that a senior author should know better
• The cultural background could be an indication for potentially different behaviours concerning the amount of copying which could be seen as plagiarism

The following listing is designed to make you aware of the various possibilities concerning plagiarism:

• Verbatim copying of another’s work and submitting it as one’s own.
• Verbatim copying of significant portions of text from a single source.
• Mixing verbatim copied material from multiple sources (“patchwork copying”). This could range from 1 or 2 paragraphs to significant portions consisting of several paragraphs.
• Changing keywords and phrases but retaining the essential content of the source as a framework.
• Rephrasing of the text’s original wording and/or structure and submitting it as one’s own.
• Mixing slightly rephrased material from multiple sources and presenting what has been published already as new.
• The work is cited, but the cited portions are not clearly identified. This can be combined with copied parts of the text without citation.

However for review papers, the above is not directly applicable. Review papers are expected to give a summary of the existing literature. Authors should use their own words with the exception of properly quoted and/or cited texts and the work should include a new interpretation.

For more information on this topic; see Avoiding plagiarism, self-plagiarism, and other questionable writing practices: A guide to ethical writing\”> by M. Roig (guidelines developed with support from The Office of Research Integrity) and Text Recycling Guidelines from COPE.

Authorship issues

COPE has written an article with advice on how to spot potential authorship problems. Most authorship problems have to do with authorship without the author’s knowledge and unacknowledged authorship.

Undeclared Conflict of Interest (CoI)

A conflict of interest is a situation in which financial or other personal considerations from authors or reviewers have the potential to compromise or bias professional judgment and objectivity. Authors and reviewers should declare all conflicts of interest relevant to the work under consideration (i.e. relationships, both financial and personal, that might interfere with the interpretation of the work) to avoid the potential for bias.

How to correct the literature?

In some cases, it might be necessary to correct the literature in order to maintain the integrity of the research literature. The COPE Retraction Guidelines describe exactly when and which option should be used.

Erratum / Correction – Journal Editors should consider issuing an erratum if:

• a small portion of an otherwise reliable publication proves to be misleading (especially because of honest error)
• the author/contributor list is incorrect

Retraction Note– Journal Editors should consider retracting a publication if:

• there is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct or honest error
• the findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission or justification
• it constitutes plagiarism
• it reports unethical research

The text for retraction notes can be submitted/written by the author(s), Journal editor, Society or jointly.

Expression of Concern– Journal Editors should consider issuing an expression of concern if:

• there is inconclusive evidence of research or publication misconduct by the authors
• there is evidence that the findings are unreliable but the authors’ institution will not investigate the case
• it is believed that an investigation into alleged misconduct related to the publication either has not been or would not be, fair and impartial or conclusive
• an investigation is underway but a judgment will not be available for a considerable time

Should an author be banned and when?

Banning is not a policy endorsed by COPE. COPE advises that the matter of punishment should reside with the author’s institute. Publishers are expected to correct the literature. It is, however, publisher’s view that in exceptional cases (e.g. in cases of repeat offenders or authors using abusive language, authors threatening the publisher, authors defaulting on payment after failing to withdraw their submission within the Article Withdrawal Period and many more case similar to this nature) the Editor-in-Chief/Editorial Board has the right to refuse to review/accept papers from these authors.

What to do when you are encountering a severe plagiarism case?

For severe plagiarism cases (for example plagiarism by the same group of authors affecting multiple Institute of Legal Education journals or journals from other publishers or cases that might attract the attention of the media) or other serious unethical practices, you are advised to inform your Publishing Editor who might seek the advice from the Publisher.

What to do when misconduct is beyond the means of Journal Editors to investigate?

If allegations of misconduct cannot be resolved or if the response received from the parties involved is unsatisfactory or if the misconduct is beyond the means of the Journal Editor and Board to investigate (often occurring in cases of data fabrication/falsification, stolen data, and author disputes amongst others), you are advised to refer the case to the author’s institution (or employer or other regulatory body) and request an investigation.

Plagiarism prevention with CrossCheck

The web-based tool can be used in the editorial process to identify matching text but it cannot, on its own, identify plagiarism. Manual examination of the matching text is still required and judgment used to identify if plagiarism has occurred or not.

Plagiarism detection at an early stage may be helpful to:

• educate authors who are less familiar with the ethics of publishing;
• reduce the workload for editors and reviewers if ethical issues are captured at an early stage.

Further resources that are helpful in order to be able to deal with potential misconduct

Next, to the flowcharts, COPE has a searchable database that contains over 400 cases with advice from the Committee and follow-up information. This database can provide helpful insights into how cases were handled in order to help solve your own case.

Sample letters for contacting relevant parties are available from:

• COPE
• The Council on Science Editors

If you have trouble resolving a case taking into account the COPE guidelines, flowcharts and database, contact our Publishing Editor for further advice.  Dependent on the issue, your Publishing Editor might seek advice from the Publisher.

Before taking any follow-up steps, always inform our Publishing Editor.

Open Access Journal Statement

Our Journal is an open access journal.  Articles in the journal are free to access, download, share, and re-use.

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Our Journal articles are published open access under a CC BY license (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License). The CC BY license allows for maximum dissemination and re-use of open access materials and is preferred by many research funding bodies. Under this license, users are free to share (copy, distribute and transmit) and remix (adapt) the contribution including for commercial purposes, providing they attribute the contribution in the manner specified by the author or licensor (read full legal code).

In the past, some papers were published under a non-commercial license. Users may request permission to use the works for commercial purposes or to create derivative works by contacting us. Under Creative Commons, authors retain copyright in their articles.

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9. Share means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.
10. Sui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.
11. You means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.

Section 2 – Scope.

1. License grant.
   1. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:
      1. reproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and
      2. produce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.
   2. Exceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.
   3. Term. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).
   4. Media and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.
   5. Downstream recipients.
      1. Offer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.
      2. No downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.
   6. No endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).
2. Other rights.
   1. Moral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.
   2. Patent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.
   3. To the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.

Section 3 – License Conditions.

Your exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.

1. Attribution.
   1. If You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:
      1. retain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:
         1. identification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);
         2. a copyright notice;
         3. a notice that refers to this Public License;
         4. a notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;
         5. a URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;
      2. indicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and
      3. indicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.
   2. You may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.
   3. If requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.
   4. If You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter\’s License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.

Section 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.

Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:

1. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;
2. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and
3. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.

For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.

Section 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.

1. Unless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.
2. To the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.
3. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.

Section 6 – Term and Termination.

1. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.
2. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:
   1. automatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or
   2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor.
   For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.
3. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.
4. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.

Section 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.

1. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.
2. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.

Section 8 – Interpretation.

1. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.
2. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.
3. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.
4. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.

Creative Commons is not a party to its public licenses. Notwithstanding, Creative Commons may elect to apply one of its public licenses to material it publishes and in those instances will be considered the “Licensor.” The text of the Creative Commons public licenses is dedicated to the public domain under the CC0 Public Domain Dedication. Except for the limited purpose of indicating that material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as otherwise permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at creativecommons.org/policies, Creative Commons does not authorize the use of the trademark “Creative Commons” or any other trademark or logo of Creative Commons without its prior written consent including, without limitation, in connection with any unauthorized modifications to any of its public licenses or any other arrangements, understandings, or agreements concerning use of licensed material. For the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the public licenses.

Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org.

கட்டுரை திரும்ப பெறுவதற்கான நெறிமுறை கொள்கை

அறிவுசார் சிறப்பு நிலையினை முன்னெடுப்பதற்கு உயர்தர கட்டுரைகளை வழங்குவதற்கும் வெளியீட்டு நெறிமுறைகளை நிலைநிறுத்துவதற்கும் எங்கள் ஆய்விதழ் உறுதிபூண்டுள்ளது. எங்கள் பதிக்கப்பட்ட கட்டுரைகளின் ஆசிரியர்கள் வெளியீட்டு நெறிமுறைகள் மற்றும் அவர்களின் கட்டுரைகளின் தரத்தில் சிறந்த நடைமுறைக்கு இணங்க வேண்டும் என்று நாங்கள் எதிர்பார்க்கிறோம்.

கட்டுரை வெளியிடப்படுவதற்கு முன் அக்கட்டுரையை திரும்ப பெறுவதற்கான வழிமுறை

கட்டுரையை சமர்ப்பித்த 5 நாட்களுக்குள் கையெழுத்துப் பிரதிகள் திரும்பப் பெறப்படலாம். திரும்பப் பெறுவதற்கான கோரிக்கையை எங்கள் அதிகாரப்பூர்வ மின்னஞ்சல் (info@iledu.in) வழியாகத் தெரிவிக்க வேண்டும். மிகவும் அவசியமான மற்றும் தவிர்க்க முடியாத காரணங்களுக்காக மட்டுமே சமர்ப்பித்த பிறகு கட்டுரையை திரும்பப் பெற அனுமதிக்கப்படும்.

கட்டுரை வெளியிட்ட பின் அக்கட்டுரையை திரும்ப பெறுவதற்கான வழிமுறை

ஒருமுறை வெளியிடப்பட்ட கட்டுரை ஏதேனும் சட்டப்பூர்வ தகராறுகள் அல்லது குறிப்பிட்ட கட்டுரை சம்பந்தப்பட்ட ஏதேனும் பதிப்புரிமை மீறல்கள் இருந்தால் மட்டுமே அகற்றப்படும் அல்லது திரும்பப் பெறப்படும். இல்லையெனில் எந்த கட்டுரைகளும் வெளியிடப்பட்ட பிறகு திரும்பப் பெறப்படாது.